Optical Fibre
Optical fibre, in science and technology of materials, indicates a material made of glassy or polymer filaments made so as to conduct light inside themselves, and have important applications in telecommunications, medical diagnostics and lighting techniques.
How it works
In other words, they allow us to convey and guide inside them an electromagnetic field with a sufficiently high frequency (generally near infra-red) with extremely limited losses.
They are commonly employed in telecommunications as a way to transmit optical signals even over great distances, on transport networks and providing network access with large cabled band. Available as cables, they are flexible, immune to electric noise and to the harshest weather conditions, and not very sensitive to temperature variations.